lorenzop wrote: ↑Sun Aug 18, 2024 10:03 pm
I do check into this forum now and then, but haven't found a 'point of entry' in quite a while.
For Steiner, what is 'Materialism' vs 'New Materialism'?
Thanks for your question, Lorenzo.
For Steiner, materialism is the worldview that results when we participate in universal consciousness exclusively through the tool of our brain. When we do that, we think from within our body, our brain, using what’s external to it (the physical world) as essential support for our thoughts. In the materialistic mode, we use what we perceive in the world as a kind of template, and we produce thoughts that copy-paste that template. When we do that, we limit ourselves to physicality and we only produce thoughts that directly (through sensory observation) or indirectly (through mathematics and logic) mimic our perception of the physical world. This works well to find useful ways to interact with the physical world, but the materialist does that also when he thinks about immaterial things, like consciousness, spirit, awareness, etcetera. The materialist approaches that too with the templates provided by the evidence of the world. Consciousness is narrowed down to the limits of the physical brain, to what the brain can figure out when it uses the experience of the 5 senses, as constant support.
(As we know, Steiner - like many others - teaches us that consciousness is much larger than our brain and what the brain can work out using the templates provided by the 5 senses. We can't squeeze consciousness into our sense-based thoughts, if we want to really understand it, participate in it. Those thoughts are good for practical life, but we have to go beyond them, if we want to live as free human beings).
Now, when Steiner spoke of “new materialism” it’s because he was saddened by a development he was seeing happening within the Anthroposophical Society. He pointed to the degeneration that was happening inside it. Through the years, the Society had become more and more articulated, a bit like a corporation today, with various “departments”, “subject matters”, “experts” in charge of this or that area, this or that geographical branch. And pretty much like in a typical corporation today, some people were wasting time and focus in endless meetings, endless speculations. And they were becoming attached to their roles in the Society, more than to the necessary spiritual inner development, that an Anthroposopher must pursue. This ended up in a situation where many were using their roles as source of recognition and status, playing power games through their roles, investing energy in speculative discussions, but without true spiritual insight. Basically they were occupied in spiritual matters but in a completely brain-based way, that is, in a fully materialistic way.
Instead of coming to the Society from a place of inner practice and insight, developing thinking larger than the brain, through meditation/concentration, they were abusing Anthroposophy, by being active in the Society not so much to bring the light of Anthroposophy to the world, but to find their own egotistical satisfaction in Anthroposophy, losing track of the source of insight, that has to be grounded in silent spiritual work. In this sense, Steiner spoke of the risk of a new materialism.
New materialism is more dangerous than materialism. The "normal" materialist thinks and speaks of matter, and is openly materialist, believing it's the right approach to all knowledge. He is limited, but at least he does work that turns out useful for everyday life in the physical. By contrast, the new-materialist pretends to be spiritual, discusses spirituality all day long, and even believes to be very good and very spiritual, while in fact he uses the same limited, brain-based thinking than the materialist, applied to spiritual topics. This is the sneakiest thing, detrimental not only to the person who dwells in such attitude without realizing it, but also to the naive ones who are influenced by the new materialist. Also, this new materialism is dangerous since it promotes power games and collusive attitudes, in which many get entangled, promoting "untruths", losing sight of what is right, losing what Steiner called "the sense for truth".
And it was only from this wordless-melodious, from the wordless-pictorial, that Schiller and also Goethe formed the words, added them, as it were, to the wordless, or musical, or inwardly plastic.